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Below, you’ll find my research and publications organized by research area and year.
Below, you’ll find my research and publications organized by research area and year.
Economic Growth and Convergence
Economic Growth and Convergence
EU Accession, Institutional Change, Growth and Human Capital, Published 17 June, 2025, Economies 2025, 13(6), 177; available at https://doi:10.3390/economies13060177
This paper studies effects of initial institutions and improvement in institutions upon joining the EU on growth using the experience of ex-socialist countries that joined EU. These countries experienced growth boosts post-EU accession, and the boost was due to increased contribution of human capital. Their skilled labor needed the right institutions to unlock its potential.
Recently, a rise in the poorer country income as a ratio of the richer country’s income has been called relative convergence, a decrease in the poorer country’s income short fall from the richer country’s income absolute convergence, and equality of the initially poorer country’s income to the richer country’s income that depends on the initial conditions full convergence. We prove for continuous income changes the following: Relative convergence is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for absolute convergence and relative divergence is a sufficient but not a necessary condition for absolute divergence.
Long-Run Catching-Up And Falling-Behind And Human Capital, May, 2023
We examine the relative importance of catching-up in inputs and in the efficiency with which inputs are used in explaining catching-up in income using data as long as 64 years from one geographical region, Sub-Saharan Africa. We find growth miracles and failures may each last 20 to 30 years and separate the catching-up periods from the falling-behind periods. Examining proximate growth factors for the two, the main difference of the divergence periods from the convergence periods is on the role of human capital. When human capital is contributing to income, countries are catching up - and TFP is about one-half as important as human capital. When it is not, they are falling behind.
State of the Developing World: PPP Income, Catching-Up/Falling Behind, and No Growth, June 2021
See abstract at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2909338
Privatization and Growth: Natural Experiment of European Economies in Transition, MPRA Paper No. 96080, 28 September, 2019, available at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/96080
South Asia/Frontier Long-Term Income Dynamics and Income-Health Relationships, July 2019.
See abstract at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3277198
Income Convergence and The Catch-Up Index. North American Journal of Economics and Finance. Vol. 48, April 2019, pages 613-627, available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2018.07.017
Stillbirths and Life Expectancy
Stillbirths: How should its rate be reported, its disability-adjusted-life-years (DALY), and stillbirths adjusted life expectancy, BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, Vol. 19 (2019), pp. 133-140 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-019-0850-8
Globalization and Institutions
Multinational Corporations and Institutions July 2019.
See abstract at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=290932
Foreign Aid and Long-Term Prospects of Recipients, September 2019.
See abstract at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3277203
Financial Openness & Institutions In Developing Countries, Research in International Business and Finance, Vol. 46, December 2018, pp 240-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2018.03.001
Are Institutions In Developing Countries Malleable Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol. 38 (2016), Issue 2, pp. 272-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2016.01.002
Capital Flight and Capital Flows
Relationship Between Different Types of Private Flows To Developing Countries Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis in Social Sciences, Vol. 4 (2010), Issue 1, pp. 58-82
Capital Flight, Commissioned Entry in the Encyclopedia of Globalization, Vol. I (2007), R. Robertson and J.A. Scholte (eds.), published by Routledge. ISBN # 0-415-97314-7
Capital Mobility among Advanced Countries. Journal of Policy Modeling, Vol. 27, December 2005, pp. 1067-1081
The Asian Crisis and Financial and Capital Account Liberalization, pp. 98-108 in Chatterji, M. and P. Gangopadhyay (eds.) “Economic Globalization and Asia.” (2005) Ashgate Publishing Ltd., U.K., ISBN # 0-75-46414-7,
What is Capital Flight? The World Economy, Vol. 25, No. 3, March 2002, pp. 341-358,
Capital Inflows and Capital Flight – Individual Countries Experience, Journal of Economic Integration, December 1998, pp. 644-61,
Foreign Direct Investment and Capital Flight Princeton Studies in International Finance, No. 80 (1996), International Finance Section, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ,
Goodwill, Sam. 2021. “Article Name Here.” Publication Name, January 1, 2023. Article Link.
Goodwill, Sam. 2021. “Article Name Here.” Publication Name, January 1, 2023. Article Link.
Goodwill, Sam. 2021. “Article Name Here.” Publication Name, January 1, 2023. Article Link.
Goodwill, Sam. 2021. “Article Name Here.” Publication Name, January 1, 2023. Article Link.
Goodwill, Sam. 2021. “Article Name Here.” Publication Name, January 1, 2023. Article Link.
Transfer Pricing
Minority Ownership, Deferral, Perverse Intra-firm Trade and Tariffs. International Economic Journal, Spring 1995,
Multinational Firms and Government Revenues, Journal of Public Economics, Vol. 42 (1990), Issue 2, pp. 135-47
Perverse Intra-firm Trade, Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 56 (1989), No. 1;
Foreign Subsidiary, Transfer-pricing and Tariffs. Southern Economic Journal 55 (1988), 162–170.
Endogenous Transfer Pricing and the Effects of Uncertain Regulation. Journal of International Economics, 24 (1988), 147-157.
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